*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}:root{--white:#ffffff;--linen:#ffffff;--parchment:#f0ece7;--stone:#e0dcd6;--stone-dark:#c8c3bc;--ink:#0a0a0a;--graphite:#52585d;--ash:#6f6a61;--void:#141413;--green:#22c55e;--green-deep:#188a3c;--mint:#dcfce7;--amber:#f59e0b;--amber-deep:#b45309;--blue:#2563eb;--blue-deep:#1d4ed8;--red:#dc2626;--red-deep:#991b1b;--sidebar-w:288px;--toc-w:224px;--content-max:760px;--outer-px:32px;--layout-max:1440px;--header-h:60px;--topbar-h:var(--header-h);--font-serif:ui-sans-serif,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;--font-body:ui-sans-serif,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;--font-mono:"SFMono-Regular",Consolas,"Liberation Mono",Menlo,monospace;--radius-xs:4px;--radius-sm:10px;--radius:16px;--radius-lg:24px;--radius-pill:9999px;--transition:0.2s ease}[data-theme="dark"]{--white:#1f1d1a;--linen:#141413;--parchment:#2a2724;--stone:#2f2c28;--stone-dark:#3a3836;--ink:#f3e6c4;--graphite:#9a958a;--ash:#8a8579;--void:#0d0d0d;--mint:rgba(34,197,94,0.12)}[data-theme="dark"] #article pre{background:#0d0d0d;color:#f3e6c4}[data-theme="dark"] #header{background:rgba(20,20,19,0.92);backdrop-filter:blur(8px)}html{font-size:16px;scroll-behavior:smooth;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}body{background:var(--linen);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--font-body);line-height:1.65;font-feature-settings:'ss01' 1,'cv11' 1;min-height:100vh;transition:background 0.25s,color 0.25s}body,#header,#sidebar,#article,.card,.page-nav-btn,.icon-btn,#search-input{transition:background 0.25s,color 0.25s,border-color 0.25s}.navbar{position:sticky;top:0;left:0;right:0;z-index:100;background:var(--linen);border-bottom:1px solid var(--stone);transition:background 0.3s ease-out,border-color 0.3s ease-out}.navbar-inner{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;height:60px;max-width:var(--layout-max);margin:0 auto;padding:0 var(--outer-px);gap:1.5rem}.navbar-left,.navbar-right{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:1.5rem;flex:1}.navbar-left{justify-content:flex-start}.navbar-right{justify-content:flex-end}.navbar-logo{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:0.35rem;font-family:var(--font-serif);font-weight:600;font-size:0.95rem;white-space:nowrap}.navbar-logo-link{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:0.45rem;color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;transition:color 0.15s ease}.navbar-logo-link:hover{color:var(--ink)}.navbar-logo-sub{color:var(--graphite);font-weight:600}[data-theme="dark"] .navbar-logo-sub{color:var(--ash)}.navbar-logo-sub:hover{color:var(--ink)}[data-theme="dark"] .navbar-logo-sub:hover{color:var(--ink)}.navbar-link{font-size:0.85rem;font-weight:450;color:var(--graphite);text-decoration:none;transition:color 0.15s ease}[data-theme="dark"] .navbar-link{color:var(--ash)}.navbar-link:hover{color:var(--ink)}.navbar-link--icon{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:0.35rem}.navbar-github-mobile{display:none}.navbar-github-mobile svg{width:18px;height:18px}.navbar-left .navbar-search-mobile{display:none}.navbar-cta{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:0.35rem;font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:500;color:var(--linen);background:var(--ink);padding:0.45rem 1rem;border-radius:9999px;border:1px solid var(--ink);text-decoration:none;transition:background 0.25s ease,color 0.25s ease,border-color 0.25s ease}.navbar-cta:hover{background:var(--white);color:var(--ink);border-color:var(--ink)}[data-theme="dark"] .navbar-cta{color:#141413;background:#f3e6c4;border-color:#f3e6c4}[data-theme="dark"] .navbar-cta:hover{background:transparent;color:#f3e6c4;border-color:#f3e6c4}.navbar-cta-count{font-size:0.75rem;font-weight:600;opacity:0.7;margin-left:0.1rem}.navbar-search-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:0.5rem;height:32px;padding:0 10px 0 10px;background:transparent;border:1px solid var(--stone);border-radius:var(--radius-sm);color:var(--graphite);font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:0.85rem;font-weight:450;cursor:pointer;transition:background var(--transition),border-color var(--transition),color var(--transition)}[data-theme="dark"] .navbar-search-btn{color:var(--ash)}.navbar-search-btn:hover{border-color:var(--stone-dark);color:var(--ink);background:var(--white)}.navbar-search-btn svg{width:14px;height:14px;color:var(--ash);flex-shrink:0}.navbar-search-btn:hover svg{color:var(--ink)}.navbar-search-label{color:inherit}.navbar-search-kbd{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:10.5px;color:var(--ash);background:var(--linen);border:1px solid var(--stone);border-radius:var(--radius-xs);padding:1px 5px;pointer-events:none}#breadcrumb{font-size:13px;color:var(--ash);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;margin-bottom:18px}#breadcrumb:empty{display:none}#breadcrumb .sep{color:var(--stone-dark)}#breadcrumb .crumb-current{color:var(--ink);font-weight:500}#search-modal{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:300;display:flex;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:center;padding:14vh 16px 16px}#search-modal[hidden]{display:none}#search-modal-backdrop{position:absolute;inset:0;background:rgba(10,10,10,0.45);backdrop-filter:blur(4px);animation:search-fade 0.15s ease-out}[data-theme="dark"] #search-modal-backdrop{background:rgba(0,0,0,0.65)}#search-modal-panel{position:relative;width:100%;max-width:600px;background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--stone);border-radius:var(--radius-lg);box-shadow:0 20px 60px rgba(0,0,0,0.16),0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);overflow:hidden;animation:search-pop 0.16s var(--transition) both}[data-theme="dark"] #search-modal-panel{box-shadow:0 20px 60px rgba(0,0,0,0.6),0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.4)}@keyframes search-fade{from{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}@keyframes search-pop{from{opacity:0;transform:translateY(-8px) scale(0.98)}to{opacity:1;transform:none}}#search-wrap{position:relative;width:100%}#search-input{width:100%;height:56px;padding:0 60px 0 48px;border:none;border-bottom:1px solid var(--stone);border-radius:0;background:transparent;font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:15px;color:var(--ink);outline:none;-webkit-appearance:none}#search-input::placeholder{color:var(--ash)}#search-input::-webkit-search-decoration,#search-input::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none}#search-icon{position:absolute;left:20px;top:28px;transform:translateY(-50%);width:16px;height:16px;color:var(--ash);pointer-events:none}#search-kbd{position:absolute;right:16px;top:28px;transform:translateY(-50%);font-size:11px;color:var(--ash);background:var(--linen);border:1px solid var(--stone);border-radius:var(--radius-xs);padding:1px 6px;font-family:var(--font-mono);pointer-events:none}#search-results{width:100%;background:transparent;display:none;max-height:min(420px,50vh);overflow-y:auto;scrollbar-width:thin}#search-results.is-open{display:block}.search-result{display:block;padding:9px 14px;cursor:pointer;border-bottom:1px solid var(--linen);transition:background var(--transition)}.search-result:last-child{border-bottom:none}.search-result:hover,.search-result.focused{background:var(--linen)}.search-result-title{font-size:13px;font-weight:500;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.4}.search-result-meta{font-size:11.5px;color:var(--ash);margin-top:2px;line-height:1.4;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.search-result-title mark,.search-result-meta mark{background:var(--mint);color:var(--ink);border-radius:2px;padding:0 1px;font-style:normal}.search-empty{padding:18px 14px;font-size:13px;color:var(--ash);text-align:center}.icon-btn{width:34px;height:34px;border:1px solid var(--stone);border-radius:var(--radius-sm);background:var(--white);color:var(--graphite);cursor:pointer;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;transition:border-color var(--transition),color var(--transition);flex-shrink:0;text-decoration:none}.icon-btn:hover{border-color:var(--stone-dark);color:var(--ink)}.icon-btn svg{width:16px;height:16px}.theme-toggle{position:fixed;bottom:20px;right:20px;z-index:200;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:40px;height:40px;border-radius:9999px;background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--stone);color:var(--graphite);cursor:pointer;box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.06),0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);transition:background 0.25s ease,color 0.25s ease,border-color 0.25s ease,transform 0.15s ease}.theme-toggle:hover{background:var(--parchment);color:var(--ink);transform:translateY(-1px)}[data-theme="dark"] .theme-toggle{box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.3)}.theme-toggle-icon{display:none;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.theme-toggle-moon{display:flex}[data-theme="dark"] .theme-toggle-sun{display:flex}[data-theme="dark"] .theme-toggle-moon{display:none}#landing{max-width:var(--layout-max);margin:0 auto;padding:80px var(--outer-px) 120px;display:none}#landing.is-active{display:block}#landing-hero{max-width:620px;margin-bottom:64px}#landing-eyebrow{font-size:11px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:0.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ash);margin-bottom:16px}#landing-title{font-family:var(--font-serif);font-size:clamp(40px,6vw,64px);font-weight:600;line-height:1.05;letter-spacing:-0.04em;color:var(--ink);margin-bottom:20px}#landing-title em{font-style:italic;color:inherit}#landing-desc{font-size:17px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--graphite);max-width:560px}.card-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px}.card{background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--stone);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:24px;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:10px;transition:border-color var(--transition),transform var(--transition),box-shadow var(--transition);position:relative;overflow:hidden;cursor:pointer}.card:hover{border-color:var(--stone-dark);transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(26,26,26,0.04)}.card-icon{width:36px;height:36px;border-radius:var(--radius-sm);background:var(--parchment);border:1px solid var(--stone);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:var(--graphite);margin-bottom:4px}.card-icon svg{width:18px;height:18px}.card-title{font-family:var(--font-serif);font-size:22px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-0.02em;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.2}.card-desc{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--graphite);line-height:1.55}.card-meta{font-size:11.5px;color:var(--ash);margin-top:10px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px}.card-meta .dot{width:3px;height:3px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--stone-dark)}.footer{--bg:#141413;--surface:#1F1D1A;--ink-t:#F3E6C4;--mono:#9A958A;--rule:#2F2C28;background:var(--bg);color:var(--ink-t);border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin-top:80px}.footer-container{max-width:var(--layout-max);margin:0 auto;padding:0 var(--outer-px)}.footer-wordmark-row{padding-top:clamp(3rem,6vw,5rem);padding-bottom:clamp(2rem,4vw,3.5rem)}.footer-wordmark{font-family:var(--font-serif);font-size:28px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-0.045em;line-height:1;color:var(--ink-t);display:block}.footer-columns{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:clamp(2rem,calc(1.5rem+1.5vw),3rem);padding-bottom:clamp(3rem,6vw,5rem)}.footer-col-heading{font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink-t);letter-spacing:0.01em;margin-bottom:0.75rem}.footer-col a{display:block;font-size:0.875rem;color:var(--mono);text-decoration:none;padding:0.2rem 0;transition:color 0.15s ease}.footer-col a:hover{color:var(--ink-t)}.footer-bottom{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1rem;padding-top:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem;border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}.footer-copy{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:0.75rem;color:var(--mono)}.footer-bottom-links{display:flex;gap:1.5rem}.footer-bottom-links a{font-size:0.8rem;color:var(--mono);text-decoration:none;transition:color 0.15s ease}.footer-bottom-links a:hover{color:var(--ink-t)}@media (max-width:768px){.footer-columns{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:clamp(2rem,4vw,3rem) 1.5rem}}@media (max-width:480px){.footer-bottom{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}}#article-view{display:none}#article-view.is-active{display:block}#body{max-width:var(--layout-max);margin:0 auto;padding:0 var(--outer-px);display:grid;grid-template-columns:var(--sidebar-w) minmax(0,var(--content-max)) var(--toc-w);align-items:flex-start;column-gap:clamp(32px,4vw,56px)}#sidebar{width:var(--sidebar-w);min-width:var(--sidebar-w);flex-shrink:0;position:sticky;top:var(--topbar-h);max-height:calc(100vh - var(--topbar-h));overflow-y:auto;padding:32px 0 40px;scrollbar-width:thin}.sb-back{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;font-size:12px;color:var(--ash);text-decoration:none;padding:4px 8px;margin-left:-8px;margin-bottom:20px;border-radius:6px;transition:color var(--transition),background var(--transition);cursor:pointer}.sb-back:hover{color:var(--ink);background:var(--parchment)}.sb-back svg{width:12px;height:12px}#sidebar .sb-back{margin-left:0;padding-left:10px}.sb-section{margin-bottom:4px}.sb-group-label{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;padding:18px 10px 6px;font-size:10.5px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ash);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.08em}.sb-group-label:first-child{padding-top:6px}.sb-section-btn{width:100%;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:7px 10px;border:none;background:none;cursor:pointer;border-radius:7px;font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:12.5px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink);letter-spacing:0.01em;text-align:left;transition:background var(--transition)}.sb-section-btn:hover{background:var(--parchment)}.sb-section-btn .chev{width:11px;height:11px;color:var(--ash);transition:transform var(--transition);flex-shrink:0}.sb-section[data-open="true"] .sb-section-btn .chev{transform:rotate(90deg)}.sb-section-icon{width:18px;height:18px;border-radius:5px;background:var(--parchment);border:1px solid var(--stone);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:var(--graphite);flex-shrink:0}.sb-section-icon svg{width:11px;height:11px}.sb-section-title{flex:1}.sb-section-count{font-size:10.5px;color:var(--ash);font-weight:500}.sb-pages{display:none;padding:2px 0 6px 26px;margin-left:3px;border-left:1px solid var(--stone)}.sb-section[data-open="true"] .sb-pages{display:block}.sb-group{margin:2px 0}.sb-group-btn{width:100%;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:7px;padding:5px 10px;border:none;background:none;cursor:pointer;border-radius:6px;font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:12px;font-weight:600;color:var(--graphite);text-align:left;transition:background var(--transition),color var(--transition)}.sb-group-btn:hover{color:var(--ink);background:var(--parchment)}.sb-group-btn .chev{width:10px;height:10px;color:var(--ash);transition:transform var(--transition);flex-shrink:0}.sb-group[data-open="true"]>.sb-group-btn .chev{transform:rotate(90deg)}.sb-group-title{flex:1}.sb-group-count{font-size:10px;color:var(--ash);font-weight:500}.sb-group-pages{display:none;padding:1px 0 3px 12px;margin-left:5px;border-left:1px solid var(--stone)}.sb-group[data-open="true"]>.sb-group-pages{display:block}.sb-link{display:block;padding:5px 10px;margin-bottom:2px;font-size:12.5px;color:var(--graphite);text-decoration:none;border-radius:6px;line-height:1.45;cursor:pointer;transition:background var(--transition),color var(--transition)}.sb-link:hover,.sb-link.active{color:var(--ink);font-weight:500;background:var(--parchment)}#content{min-width:0;max-width:var(--content-max);padding:48px 0 96px}#toc-rail{position:sticky;top:var(--topbar-h);max-height:calc(100vh - var(--topbar-h));overflow-y:auto;padding:48px 0 40px;scrollbar-width:thin}#toc-rail.is-empty{visibility:hidden}.toc-rail-inner{border-left:1px solid var(--stone);padding-left:18px}.toc-rail-title{margin-bottom:10px;font-size:11px;font-weight:700;color:var(--ash);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.1em}#toc-rail-links{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:2px}#loading,#error-state{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:12px;padding:80px 0;color:var(--ash);font-size:14px}.spinner{width:24px;height:24px;border:2px solid var(--stone);border-top-color:var(--green);border-radius:50%;animation:spin 0.7s linear infinite}@keyframes spin{to{transform:rotate(360deg)}}#article{font-size:15.5px;line-height:1.75;color:var(--graphite);overflow-wrap:break-word}#article h1{font-family:var(--font-serif);font-size:clamp(28px,4vw,38px);font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-0.03em;color:var(--ink);margin-bottom:20px;line-height:1.1}.meta-row{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;margin-bottom:24px;padding:12px 0 12px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--stone);font-size:12px;color:var(--ash);position:sticky;top:var(--topbar-h);background:var(--linen);z-index:50}.meta-row::before{content:'';position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:-1px;height:1px;background:var(--linen)}.meta-row .chip{padding:2px 8px;border-radius:var(--radius-xs);background:var(--parchment);border:1px solid var(--stone);font-size:11px;color:var(--graphite)}.meta-row .spacer{flex:1}.page-actions{position:relative;display:inline-flex;align-items:stretch}.page-actions .pa-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--stone);font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:11.5px;font-weight:500;color:var(--graphite);cursor:pointer;transition:border-color var(--transition),color var(--transition),background var(--transition)}.page-actions .pa-btn:hover{border-color:var(--stone-dark);color:var(--ink)}.page-actions .pa-copy{border-radius:var(--radius-sm) 0 0 var(--radius-sm);padding-left:12px}.page-actions .pa-caret{border-radius:0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0;border-left:none;padding:5px 8px}.page-actions .pa-caret svg{width:12px;height:12px;color:var(--ash);transition:transform var(--transition)}.page-actions .pa-caret[aria-expanded="true"]{color:var(--ink);background:var(--parchment);border-color:var(--stone-dark)}.page-actions .pa-caret[aria-expanded="true"] svg{transform:rotate(180deg);color:var(--ink)}.page-actions .pa-copy svg{width:13px;height:13px;color:var(--ash)}.page-actions .pa-copy.is-copied{color:var(--green);border-color:var(--green)}.page-actions .pa-copy.is-copied svg{color:var(--green)}.pa-menu{position:absolute;top:calc(100%+8px);right:0;min-width:220px;background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--stone);border-radius:var(--radius-sm);box-shadow:0 12px 32px rgba(12,12,12,0.12),0 2px 6px rgba(12,12,12,0.06);padding:6px;opacity:0;transform:translateY(-4px) scale(0.98);pointer-events:none;transform-origin:top right;transition:opacity 0.16s ease,transform 0.16s ease;z-index:60}[data-theme="dark"] .pa-menu{box-shadow:0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.6),0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.4)}.pa-menu.is-open{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0) scale(1);pointer-events:auto}.pa-menu button{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;width:100%;padding:7px 10px;background:none;border:none;font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:13px;color:var(--graphite);text-align:left;cursor:pointer;border-radius:5px;transition:color var(--transition),background var(--transition)}.pa-menu button:hover{color:var(--ink);background:var(--linen)}.pa-menu button svg{width:14px;height:14px;color:var(--ash);flex-shrink:0}.pa-menu button:hover svg{color:var(--ink)}.page-feedback{margin-top:64px;padding:20px 22px;background:var(--parchment);border:1px solid var(--stone);border-radius:var(--radius);display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:14px 20px}.page-feedback .pf-label{font-family:var(--font-serif);font-size:17px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink);letter-spacing:-0.02em;flex:1 1 auto}.page-feedback .pf-actions{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px}.page-feedback a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:7px 12px;background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--stone);border-radius:var(--radius-sm);font-size:13px;font-weight:500;color:var(--graphite);text-decoration:none;transition:border-color 0.15s,color 0.15s,background 0.15s,transform 0.15s}.page-feedback a:hover{color:var(--ink);border-color:var(--graphite);background:var(--linen);transform:translateY(-1px)}.page-feedback a svg{width:14px;height:14px;stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.75;fill:none;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round}@media (max-width:640px){.page-feedback{padding:16px}.page-feedback .pf-label{flex-basis:100%}}.toc-wrap{position:relative;display:none}.toc-toggle{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:5px 10px 5px 12px;background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--stone);border-radius:var(--radius-sm);font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:11.5px;font-weight:500;color:var(--graphite);cursor:pointer;transition:border-color var(--transition),color var(--transition),background var(--transition)}.toc-toggle:hover{border-color:var(--stone-dark);color:var(--ink)}.toc-toggle[aria-expanded="true"]{color:var(--ink);background:var(--parchment);border-color:var(--stone-dark)}.toc-toggle>svg{width:12px;height:12px;color:var(--ash);transition:transform var(--transition)}.toc-toggle .toc-icon{width:13px;height:13px;color:var(--ash);transition:none}.toc-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] 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